# Oral Surgery

Oral surgery is a procedure used to correct many defects, injuries, and diseases associated with the mouth. It encompasses the defects in the jaws and hard and soft tissues of the oral region. A number of diseases call for oral surgical correction. These conditions include impacted teeth as in the case of wisdom teeth where the teeth may grow from the gum line and the jaw is not large enough to allow them. In this case, some of the molars may fail to develop the correct alignment or ultimately fail to emerge from the gum while remaining in the jaw bone causing inflammation, infection, and excruciating pain. This condition may lead to permanent dental defects that may also cause malignant growths, which can destroy a section of the jaw. Therefore, dentists may recommend surgical correction in cases such as that of impacted teeth. Other conditions which require oral surgery include cuspids and bicuspids.

#### Dental Implants

In the case of tooth loss resulting from accidents or infections, dental implants, a type of oral surgery, can be a valuable replacement. These implants are used in replacing tooth roots and are surgically inserted into the jawbone, acting as an anchor to artificial teeth to which they are attached. In order to be a good candidate for dental implants, you must meet qualifications such as proper bone level and be willing to maintain good oral hygiene to avoid infections

#### Ridge Augmentation

Ridge augmentation is also another oral surgery procedure that is of great importance. Here the surgery is done after tooth extraction to enable recreation of normal contours of the gums and jaw lost as a result of bone loss. An alveolar ridge is usually left after tooth extraction around the roots of the teeth and which naturally heals on its own. If unable to recover, then ridge augmentation can be used to correct the defect. The development is useful in providing support needed for the dental implant placements.

#### Major and Minor Bone Grafting

Major and minor bone grafting are other type of oral procedures that are of high value for patients with jawbones defects such as atrophies and missing teeth. With a sinus bone graft, it is possible to perform a replacement on the bone of the posterior upper jaw. Additionally, special membrane is placed that can dissolve the gum and thus protect the bone graft and encourage tissue regeneration.

There are many other forms of oral surgery that are currently in use in addition to those discussed above. Some of these surgeries include: nerve repositioning that involves the repositioning of the inferior alveolar nerve responsible for the feeling of lower lip and chin. There are also procedures like the sinus lift, socket preservation, jaw surgery, pre-prosthetic surgery and apicectomy, among many others. All of these systems can provide replacements for the damaged parts resulting from injuries, infections, or other defects. It is important, however, for a patient to consult their dentist to see the options available to them and to obtain help in making informed decisions concerning oral surgery.

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